Class 12 Home Science Chapter 3 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions Solutions

Class 12 Home Science Chapter 3 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions Solutions with NCERT-based textual questions and answers, additional important questions, and exam-oriented solutions for effective CBSE board exam preparation.

Class 12 Home Science Chapter 3 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions Solutions

Review Questions with Solutions

1. What are the two aspects of care and maintenance of fabrics?

Ans: The two aspects of care and maintenance of fabrics are:

(i) Physical damage should be avoided as far as possible. Any damage that occurs should be repaired promptly.

(ii) Stained clothes should be cleaned properly so that the fabric retains its original appearance, texture, and visual quality.

2. What are the factors which affect the process of cleaning of fabrics?

Ans: The factors which affect the process of cleaning fabrics are:

(i) Nature of the Fabric: Different fabrics such as cotton, wool, silk, and synthetics have different resistance to water, chemicals, and mechanical action. Delicate fabrics require gentle cleaning methods.

(ii) Type of Dirt or Stain: The type of dirt or stain determines the cleaning agent and method required. Mud may require mechanical action, while greasy stains may require detergents or suitable solvents.

(iii) Water Quality: Hard water reduces the effectiveness of some detergents because of minerals such as calcium and magnesium. Soft water generally improves the effectiveness of detergents.

(iv) Temperature: Warm water can improve the removal of grease and oils and may increase the effectiveness of some detergents. Heat-sensitive fabrics and dyes may require lower temperatures.

(v) Detergent or Cleaning Agent: The composition of the cleaning agent determines its effectiveness against particular types of dirt and stains. Mild detergents are suitable for many delicate fabrics.

(vi) Mechanical Action: Agitation or scrubbing helps remove dirt from fabrics. Excessive mechanical action may damage delicate fabrics.

3. How are the different sections organised in a commercial or institutional laundry?

Ans: In a commercial or institutional laundry, different sections are organised according to the sequence of work. The soiled laundry is first collected and sorted according to fabric, colour, and degree of soiling. It then moves to the washing section, where suitable washing methods are used. After washing, the laundry is dried and then sent to the ironing and folding section for finishing. The inspection and mending section checks cleanliness and repairs damaged items. Finally, the clean laundry is stored, packed, and dispatched or redistributed. This organised workflow helps maintain efficiency, hygiene, and proper care of fabrics.

4. What are the differences in processing laundry work in commercial laundries and hospital laundries?

Ans: Commercial laundries generally process laundry from hotels, restaurants, institutions, and other establishments, with emphasis on efficient cleaning, finishing, and timely delivery. Hospital laundries require stricter hygiene and infection-control measures because the laundry may be contaminated with microorganisms or body fluids. Hospital laundry is therefore handled separately, with suitable washing, disinfection, drying, and handling procedures to prevent cross-contamination.

Additional Questions with Solutions (Class 12 Home Science Chapter 3 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions Solutions)

Multiple-Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is an important aspect of fabric care?

(a) Increasing physical damage
(b) Avoiding damage to fabrics
(c) Using strong chemicals on all fabrics
(d) Ignoring stains

Ans: (b) Avoiding damage to fabrics

2. Which type of water generally reduces the effectiveness of some detergents?

(a) Distilled water
(b) Soft water
(c) Hard water
(d) Rainwater

Ans: (c) Hard water

3. Which factor determines the choice of cleaning method for a fabric?

(a) Nature of the fabric
(b) Price of the garment only
(c) Size of the laundry only
(d) Shape of the garment only

Ans: (a) Nature of the fabric

4. Which section of a laundry is responsible for pressing and finishing clothes?

(a) Sorting section
(b) Washing section
(c) Ironing and folding section
(d) Collection section

Ans: (c) Ironing and folding section

5. Why do hospital laundries require special handling procedures?

(a) To increase the colour of fabrics
(b) To prevent the spread of infection
(c) To reduce the size of garments
(d) To avoid sorting laundry

Ans: (b) To prevent the spread of infection

Short-Answer Questions (1–2 Marks Each)

1. Why is proper care of fabrics important?

Ans: Proper care helps prevent damage and maintains the appearance, texture, and useful life of fabrics.

2. Name any two factors that affect the cleaning of fabrics.

Ans: Nature of the fabric and type of dirt or stain are two factors that affect fabric cleaning.

3. Why should delicate fabrics be cleaned carefully?

Ans: Delicate fabrics may be damaged by excessive heat, strong chemicals, or vigorous mechanical action.

4. How does hard water affect washing?

Ans: Hard water may reduce the effectiveness of some detergents because of minerals such as calcium and magnesium.

5. Why is temperature important in fabric cleaning?

Ans: Temperature affects the removal of dirt and grease and may also affect the safety of fabrics and dyes.

6. What is the purpose of sorting laundry before washing?

Ans: Sorting helps separate fabrics according to colour, type, and degree of soiling so that suitable washing methods can be used.

7. What is the function of the washing section in a laundry?

Ans: The washing section cleans the sorted laundry using suitable washing programmes, water, and cleaning agents.

8. What is the purpose of the inspection and mending section?

Ans: It checks whether the laundry is clean and in good condition and repairs damaged items when necessary.

9. Why is mechanical action used during washing?

Ans: Mechanical action helps loosen and remove dirt from the surface and structure of fabrics.

10. Why are hospital laundries different from ordinary commercial laundries?

Ans: Hospital laundries require stricter hygiene and infection-control procedures because the laundry may contain infectious microorganisms or body fluids. 0 0 0

N.B. If you like the Class 12 Home Science Chapter 3 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions Solutions, please share your feedback with us.

Some Guide Books by Menonimus:

1. Class 12 Biology Concept Summary
2. Class 12 Biology Mind Map
3. Class 12 Alternative English Solutions
4. Class 12 English Solutions
5. Class 12 Anthropology Solutions
6. Class 12 Home Science Solutions